As tumor suppressor, human PTEN protein acts as a dual-specificity protein phosphatase, dephosphorylating tyrosine-, serine- and threonine-phosphorylated proteins. It also acts as a lipid phosphatase, removing the phosphate in the D3 position of the inositol ring from phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3,4-diphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate and inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate with order of substrate preference in vitro PtdIns (3,4,5)P3 > PtdIns(3,4)P2 > PtdIns3P > Ins(1,3,4,5)P4. The lipid phosphatase activity is critical for its tumor suppressor function. Antagonizes the PI3K-AKT/PKB signaling pathway by dephosphorylating phosphoinositides and thereby modulating cell cycle progression and cell survival. The unphosphorylated form of PTEN cooperates with AIP1 to suppress AKT1 activation. Dephosphorylates tyrosine-phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase and inhibits cell migration and integrin-mediated cell spreading and focal adhesion formation. It plays a role as a key modulator of the AKT-mTOR signaling pathway controlling the tempo of the process of newborn neurons integration during adult neurogenesis, including correct neuron positioning, dendritic development and synapse formation. PTEN may be a negative regulator of insulin signaling and glucose metabolism in adipose tissue. The nuclear monoubiquitinated form possesses greater apoptotic potential, whereas the cytoplasmic nonubiquitinated form induces less tumor suppressive ability. In motile cells, it suppresses the formation of lateral pseudopods and thereby promotes cell polarization and directed movement. Anti-PTEN auto-antibodies have been found in sera from patients with autoimmune diseases and cancer patients.

Full-length human PTEN (402aa) gene was constructed with codon optimization gene synthesis and expressed with a T7-His-TEV cleavage site Tag (29aa) fusion at its N-terminal in E.coli as inclusion bodies. The final product was refolded using our unique “temperature shift inclusion body refolding” technology and chromatographically purified.

1. May be used for in vitro PTEN mediated cell signaling pathway regulation study for various cells by intracellular delivery of this protein with ProFectin reagents.

2. May be used for mapping protein-protein interaction.

3. May be used as specific substrate protein for kinase, and ubiquitin (Sumo pathway) related enzyme functional screening assays.

4. May serve as auto-antibodies detection reagent, which will react with sera of some auto-immnuno-diseases’s or cancer patients.

5. As Immunogen for specific antibody production.